ABSTRACT
Objective To identify new genes that correlate with prognosis of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the actual glomerular filtration rates (GFR) in patients with nonfunctioning kidneys as shown by intravenous pyelography (IVP) using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) dynamic renal scintigraphy and dual-plasma sample clearance method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 107 patients with nonfunctioning kidneys shown by IVP who underwent renal dynamic 99Tcm-DTPA SPECT imaging. GFR was measured by Gates' methods (GFRGates') and dual-plasma sample clearance method (GFRdual-plasma). Based on the dynamic functional images and GFRdual-plasma measurements, the patients were categorized into mild renal impairment (GFRdual-plasma≥30 mL/min), moderate renal impairment group (GFRdual-plasma of 20-30 mL/min), severe renal impairment group (GFRdual-plasma of 10 to 20 mL/min), and nonfunctioning kidney group (GFRdual-plasma≤10 mL/min), and GFRGates' were compared among the groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to GFRdual-plasma, the numbers of patients having mild, moderate, and severe renal impairment and nonfunctioning kidneys were 12(11.2%), 33(30.8%), 41(38.3%), and 21(19.6%), respectively. GFRdual-plasma and GFRGates' were not significantly different in mild and moderate renal impairment groups, but in patients with severe renal impairment, GFRdual-plasma was significantly lower than GFRGates' (13.9∓6.2 vs 18.8∓4.2 mL/min; t=-2.73, P=0.03), which was also the case with patients with nonfunctinging kidneys (4.5∓2.1 vs 7.2∓3.2 mL/min; t=-3.81, P=0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Of the patients with nonfunctinging kidneys shown by IVP, only 58% of them actually have severe renal impairment or worse, and further SPECT dynamic renal scintigraphy is necessary to assess the actual risk of renal function impairment before operation.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Kidney , Diagnostic Imaging , Renal Insufficiency , Diagnostic Imaging , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , UrographyABSTRACT
Objective To study the damage to striatum in patients perorally addicted to compound codeine phosphate solution by using the brain dopamine transporter SPECT imaging. Methods Patients p erorally addicted to compound codeine phosphate solution ( n = 29 ) and addicted to heroin ( n = 27 ), as well as healthy volunteers (n = 31 ) were included in the study. Each of them underwent dopamine transporter (DAT) SPECT imaging with 99Tcm-2β-[N, N'-bis-( 2- mercaptoethyl ) ethylenediamino] methyl, 3β-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane (99Tcm-TRODAT-1). The striatum volume (V, cm3), mass (m, g) and radiactivity ratio (Ra) of striatum to whole brain were calculated using physio-mathematical modeling method.R esults Bilateral striatum of healthy volunteers showed typical "panda eyes" pattern and the distribution of DAT was uniform and symmetrical. Bilateral striatum of patients addicted to compound codeine phosphate showed impaired tracer uptake, similar to those addicted to heroin. The V, m and Ra of bilateral striatum of patients addicted to compound codeine phosphate were (23.68 ±4.94) cm3, (24.87 ±5.19) g and (5.01 ±0. 88 ) %, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of healthy controls: ( 35.39 ± 4.42 ) cm3,(37.16 ±4.64) g and (7.93 ±0.86)% (t = -9.69, -9.69, - 13.01, all P =0.000), but significantly higher than those addicted to heroin: ( 18.87 ± 4.66 ) cm3, ( 19.81 ± 4.90 ) g and (4.26 ± 1.02 ) % ( t =3.74, 3.74, 2.96, P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.005 ). Conclusion Long-term peroral intake of compound codeine phosphate solution may damage the function of cerebral striatum, which is someway similar to though less severe than, the impairment caused by heroin.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide the molecular iconographic evidence for acupuncture treatment of children autism (CA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Electric acupuncture (EA) was applied on acupoints of bilateral Hegu (LI4), Quchi (LI11), Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) in 34 CA patients' with ABC scale > 57 scores. Using SIEMENS ECAM / ICON double head system, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain perfusion imaging were performed before and during EA with 99mTc-ECD. Then SPECT images were analyzed visually and quantitatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Visual analysis showed that 114 foci of low cerebral perfusion and function were found in 34 CA patients before EA, 28 cases (82.35%) of them with abnormalities in left (or both) front lobes, left Broca area and left Wernicke area. During EA, the affected areas improved to different extent. Quantitative analysis showed that significant difference existed between pre-EA focal Ff and mirror-side Ff, pre-EA Ff and mid-EA Fe, focal BFCR% and mirror-side BFCR % (all P < 0.01). The improving analysis of cerebral perfusion and function showed that the efficacy of EA was 78.95%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture was proved preliminarily effective in treating children autism.</p>